Full Name Of Amedeo Avogadro

In 1811 Avogadro put forward a hypothesis that was neglected by his contemporaries for years. Eventually proven correct, this hypothesis became known as Avogadro’s law, a fundamental law of gases.

The contributions of the Italian chemist Amedeo Avogadro (1776–1856) relate to the work of two of his contemporaries, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and John Dalton. Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes (1808) stated that when two gases react, the volumes of the reactants and products—if gases—are in whole number ratios. This law tended to support Dalton’s atomic theory, but Dalton rejected Gay-Lussac’s work. Avogadro, however, saw it as the key to a better understanding of molecular constituency.

Avogadro’s Hypothesis

In 1811 Avogadro hypothesized that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules. From this hypothesis it followed that relative molecular weights of any two gases are the same as the ratio of the densities of the two gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure. Avogadro also astutely reasoned that simple gases were not formed of solitary atoms but were instead compound molecules of two or more atoms. (Avogadro did not actually use the word atom; at the time the words atom and molecule were used almost interchangeably. He talked about three kinds of “molecules,” including an “elementary molecule”—what we would call an atom.) Thus Avogadro was able to overcome the difficulty that Dalton and others had encountered when Gay-Lussac reported that above 100°C the volume of water vapor was twice the volume of the oxygen used to form it. According to Avogadro, the molecule of oxygen had split into two atoms in the course of forming water vapor.

Amedeo Avogadro, in full Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, conte di Quaregna e Cerreto, (born August 9, 1776, Turin, in the Kingdom of Sardinia and Piedmont Italy—died July 9, 1856, Turin), Italian mathematical physicist who showed in what became known as Avogadro’s law that, under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain an equal number of molecules.

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Amedeo Avogadro Atomic Theory

Edgar Fahs Smith Collection, Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts, University of Pennsylvania

Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856; full name: Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, conte di Quaregna e di Cerreto) was an Italian physicist. He proposed in 1811 Avogadro's law. This law states that equal volumes of gases at equal temperatures and pressures have equal numbers of molecules. Amedeo Avogadro, lithograph, 1856. Credit: The Granger Collection, New York Two hundred years ago today, a paper proposing an elegant idea—that equal volumes of different gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain an equal number of molecules—was published in the Journal de Physique.

Facts about Amedeo Avogadro 1: date of birth. Avogadro was born on 9 August 1776 and passed away on 9 July 1856. He came from a noble family who lived in Turin. The full name of Avogadro was very long. He was born as Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregna e di Cerreto. Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, the Count of Quaregna and Cerreto, was born in the Piedmontese city of Turin in the kingdom of Sardinia on 9 August 1776. He was the son of a prominent civil servant who was charged under the Napoleonic rule of.

Curiously, Avogadro’s hypothesis was neglected for half a century after it was first published. Many reasons for this neglect have been cited, including some theoretical problems, such as Jöns Jakob Berzelius’s “dualism,” which asserted that compounds are held together by the attraction of positive and negative electrical charges, making it inconceivable that a molecule composed of two electrically similar atoms—as in oxygen—could exist. In addition, Avogadro was not part of an active community of chemists: the Italy of his day was far from the centers of chemistry in France, Germany, England, and Sweden, where Berzelius was based.

Personal Life

Avogadro was a native of Turin, where his father, Count Filippo Avogadro, was a lawyer and government leader in the Piedmont (Italy was then still divided into independent countries). Avogadro succeeded to his father’s title, earned degrees in law, and began to practice as an ecclesiastical lawyer. After obtaining his formal degrees, he took private lessons in mathematics and sciences, including chemistry. For much of his career as a chemist he held the chair of physical chemistry at the University of Turin.

The information contained in this biography was last updated on November 30, 2017.

Amedeo Avogadro

Download video for youtube for mac. AKA Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro

Born:9-Aug-1776
Birthplace:Turin, Italy
Died:9-Jul-1856
Location of death:Turin, Italy
Cause of death: unspecified

Amedeo Avogadro Fun Facts

Gender: Male
Religion:Roman Catholic
Race or Ethnicity: White
Sexual orientation: Straight
Occupation:Physicist

Nationality: Italy
Executive summary: Avogadro's number

Italian physicist, born at Turin on the 9th of August 1776, and died there on the 9th of July 1856. He was for many years professor of higher physics at the University of Turin. He published many physical memoirs on electricity, the dilatation of liquids by heat, specific heats, capillary attraction, atomic volumes etc. as well as a treatise in 4 volumes on Fisica di corpi ponderabili (1837-41). But he is chiefly remembered for his 'Essai d'une manière de déterminer les masses relatives des molécules élémentaires des corps, et les proportions selon lesquelles elles entrent dans les combinaisons' (Journ. de Phys., 1811), in which he enunciated the hypothesis known by his name (Avogadro's Law) that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of smallest particles or molecules, whether those particles consist of single atoms or are composed of two or more atoms of the same or different kinds. The number of particles in a mole is known as 'Avogadro's Number' (or constant), 6.022 × 10^23, determined by the number of Carbon-12 molecules in 0.012 kilograms of that substance.

Father: Filippo Avogadro
Mother: Anna Maria Vercellone
Wife: Felicita Mazzé (m. 1815, 6 children)

Professor: Physics, University of Turin

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